Canada
Canada imposed counter-tariffs of 15%, 25%, and 50% on approximately C$27.6 billion worth of goods imported from the United States, with rates designed to match corresponding U.S. tariffs on targeted products. The countermeasures took effect on September 8, 2026. The new tariffs cover a broad range of U.S.-origin products across multiple sectors. The counter-tariffs target sectors including steel and aluminum, dairy, appliances, agricultural equipment, pulp and paper, plastics, and electronics. In sectors including steel and aluminum, some existing Canadian counter-tariffs increased from 25% to 50% to match U.S. rates. The Canadian government has also announced a C$7.5 billion package of new and enhanced support measures for workers and businesses affected by U.S. tariffs and trade disruptions.
China
China’s response to U.S. trade measures has included tariffs, other trade restrictions, and negotiations aimed at easing tensions between the two countries. These measures have affected a range of U.S. agricultural and industrial products. Beijing has also imposed export controls on strategically important minerals and other materials used throughout global supply chains. Chinese authorities have also placed selected foreign companies on the country’s Unreliable Entity List. The list allows Chinese authorities to impose restrictions or other penalties on foreign companies accused of harming China’s sovereignty, security, or development interests.
The European Union
Under a U.S.-EU trade framework, many European exports to the United States are subject to a 15% tariff rate. The EU’s implementing regulation is set to expire at the end of 2029 unless further action is taken. Before reaching the agreement, the EU had prepared phased retaliatory measures targeting up to €26 billion worth of U.S. exports. The proposed duties would have affected selected industrial and agricultural products, but the measures were paused as EU-U.S. trade negotiations continued.
India
India has largely focused on negotiations with the United States over tariffs and market access. The two countries have established a framework for an interim trade agreement while continuing talks on a broader bilateral deal. Indian officials have said they want to protect sensitive domestic sectors, including farmers and micro, small, and medium-sized businesses, during the negotiations. Talks on a broader agreement have continued as U.S. tariff policies have changed. India has also looked to expand and diversify its export markets as U.S. trade policy continues to shift.
Turkey
Turkey previously imposed retaliatory duties on 33 categories of U.S. products, including tobacco, alcoholic beverages, automobiles, and cosmetics. The measures were introduced in response to U.S. tariffs on Turkish steel and aluminum during the 2018 trade dispute. In September 2025, Turkey ended certain additional tariffs on U.S. imports that had been imposed during the earlier trade dispute. More recently, Turkey has focused on trade discussions and economic cooperation with the United States.
Mexico
Separately, Mexico imposed tariffs of up to 50% on more than 1,000 products imported from countries with which Mexico does not have a free-trade agreement. These measures were separate from Mexico’s bilateral tariff discussions with the United States and were aimed at protecting Mexican industries and addressing concerns about goods from third countries entering North American supply chains.
Conclusion
Not every country affected by U.S. tariff policies has responded with direct countermeasures. Countries in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas have pursued negotiations, sometimes alongside retaliatory measures. In some cases, governments have combined negotiations with tariffs and other trade measures. It remains unclear how current tariff policies will affect international trade and economic relationships over the long term.
Sources:
Government of Canada — List of products subject to counter-tariffs effective September 8, 2026
International Trade Administration — Foreign Retaliations Timeline
Reuters — EU paves way to finalise US trade deal and avoid Trump tariff hike
Congressional Research Service — U.S.-China Tariff Actions Since 2018: An Overview
Reuters — EU’s side of U.S. trade deal to come into force on July 1
The White House — Briefings & Statements UNITED STATES-INDIA JOINT STATEMENT
Gobierno de México — Se publica en el DOF la modificación de aranceles de la LIGIE
Reuters — Turkey ends some tariffs on US imports ahead of Erdogan-Trump meeting
Editor’s Disclaimer: This article is intended for informational and news purposes only. It provides an overview of how selected countries have responded to U.S. tariff policies through negotiations, countermeasures, and other trade actions. Information was compiled from government sources, international trade organizations, and reputable news reports. Trade policies and negotiations can change, and readers are encouraged to consult official sources for the latest information.
